Scar tissue, also called adhesions, forms with any injury that disrupts the skin or deeper layers of tissue including surgery. The scar “sews up” the torn fabric through cells by depositing fibrin. Any time there is a cut, it is replaced by scar tissue. Depending on the type of tear or cut the scar may be more or less “organized” or neat. A scar that forms along the grain of the tissue, much like cutting a fabric on the grain, will be a less visible scar—a fact that plastic surgeons employ for their surgeries. In researching scar tissue adhesions after abdominal surgery, it appears that it’s common knowledge among surgeons that bowel adhesions are a significant consequence of any bowel surgery. A repeat abdominal surgery can involve up to 20 minutes or more of cutting through adhesions.
Living with these scars may be painless, but abdominal adhesions may have something to do with your back or pelvic pain, or even contribute to problems with urinary incontinence. Scar tissue can affect how well the abdominal muscles heal, and it can also make these muscles weaker and less efficient. Abdominal and back muscles work together to properly support the spine, and when scar tissue limits the function of the abdominals, it can create back and/or pelvic pain. Scar tissue not only affects the outer layer of skin, but also penetrates deep into the inner-most layer of the epidermis, including connective tissue and muscles.
Approximately 18 years ago, Becky Rogers, PTA and Clinic Director at Creative Therapeutics, was working with a woman in her sixties who had been complaining about back pain for almost 40 years. She had been to specialists regarding her pain and had received treatment with physical therapists before with minimal success. In starting to treat the patient, Becky uncovered a 40 year old c-section scar. It was so tight that it created a vertical valley in her abdomen. Becky worked on releasing the scar and every step along the way the patient’s back pain decreased.
Scars can also affect areas other than the abdomen and pelvic floor. Elizabeth Stephenson, PT, was called in to assist with the treatment of a woman who was experiencing tingling and pain in her right arm. Her primary therapist had employed all conventional treatment in an attempt to alleviate the woman’s pain, but these attempts were unsuccessful. Liz noticed a small scar on the front of the woman’s neck and decided to try scar manipulation, hoping it would give the patient relief in her arm. Sure enough, after using the technique in several treatments, the woman’s arm pain and tingling were resolved.
Scar tissue can also impact bladder and bowel function. If the bladder cannot fill or empty like it should because of a restrictive scar, this can create urinary urgency, frequency and leakage. The bowel function can also be impaired, causing constipation and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Physical therapy can be an effective tool to minimize the effects of scar tissue. At Creative Therapeutics we utilize a hands-on approach to treat this problem and teach you ways to keep the scar mobile.
If you are experiencing pain and think scar mobilization would help, call us today to schedule a free consultation, or talk to your doctor about a referral.